Finding the resistance of nickel chrome wire by calculating the current Essay Example

Finding the resistance of nickel chrome wire by calculating the current Essay N.B: My results in these experiments are shared with my classmate, John Morgan, as we worked together on this investigation.IntroductionThis experiment has been set up in order to find the resistance of a nickel chrome wire when a current is passed through a series circuit. The resistance is calculated by using Ohms law of:Resistance = Current / VoltageWe will also connect a voltmeter in a parallel format across the nickel chrome wire, which will tell me the reading across the nickel chrome wire, rather than if it was included in series with the rest of circuit, it would give us the reading of the whole circuit, rather than what we need: the voltage of the nickel chrome wire.VariablesIn this experiment, my input variables are:1. The length in which we measure the current and voltage at (to then calculate the resistance using Ohms law)My output variables are:1. Current2. VoltagePredictionIn this experiment, I predict that the shorter distance across the nickel chrome wire I measure wi ll mean the higher a current reading will be measured. I think this will happen because as a current passes through a wire, the wire heats up thus building up resistance, and over a longer length of nickel chrome wire, more current will pass through, thus giving more resistance because the current has further to travel. I also think that over a longer distance of nickel chrome wire, there will be less voltage passing through, because there is a longer distance to travel, thus losing voltage.Experiment steps1. Collect apparatus and set-up up the circuit as seen bellow under Plan2. Collect data as seen in Results3. Plot graphs for data4. Find correlation and line of best fit5. Analyse investigation, results and improvements if this experiment is repeatedWhile collecting the results of this experiment, I have recorded the results in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, which has also allowed to me work out other calculations within the data.Apparatus1. Wires used to connect the circuits2. Voltmeter to measure to voltage (0.01V to 0.99V)3. Ammeter to measure the current (0.01A to 0.99A)4. 1 meter of nickel chrome wire to test current and voltage over5. 12 volt battery to power the circuit6. 1 meter rules to measure the distance measuring7. Crocodile clips to connect the circuit together (wires etc)PlanThe series circuit looks like so:Notice how the Voltmeter is in parallel across the nickel chrome wire to allow us to only get the voltage across nickel chrome wire, rather than in with the series circuit, which would have given us the voltage of the whole circuit.Risk AssessmentThe risk factor in this experiment is very high. One risk that could occur is the fact that the nickel chrome wire can get very hot. If touched while conducting this experiment or any other experiments, blistering hot metal can cause severe burns If you do conduct this experiment and do get burnt, always consult a doctor or someone of similar profession. To avoid this, always keep things aw ay from the nickel chrome wire, and always ensure that you are as quick as possible while measuring the voltage and current of the nickel chrome wire, to ensure minimisation of time to get injured.ResultsThese results were worked out in Microsoft Excel, to provide 100% accuracy. We repeated the experiment 5 times, to get more accurate results. Bellow are the results for each set.AveragesGraphs/data representationThe next page is the graphs that represent the average Resistance data collected, representing the table above.ConclusionTo conclude, I think to my results safely show that my prediction was correct. After finding the results of the experiments and looking at correlation, it clearly shows that the longer the distance measured the higher the resistance. To find the scientific reason for the slight curve in some of my graphs, I decided to look through several Physics books, including Physics 4 You. This book told me why the graphs look as the do, which also proved my theory co rrect. My graph doesnt show any signs of miscellaneous data, however if I had have repeated this experiment multiple time over using the same battery, until the battery became low on charge, I think that some miscellaneous data might occur because the battery would have to force out energy which wouldnt follow a particular pattern.EvaluationDespite this, I do however believe that the results didnt show a very accurate presentation of resistance over a nickel chrome wire, to improve these results, I think that I could have done any of the following things:* Made more repetitions of this experiment* Measured the distance over a longer distance, to see if a bigger curve appears in the graph, thus giving bigger correlation Could have an effect on the results of the experiment. My graph clearly shows some correlation and a slight curve. This curve shows that the resistance increases because the wire begins to heat up, and increases in resistance so less current can pass through.

6 Methods for Teaching Money Counting Skills

6 Methods for Teaching Money Counting Skills Counting money is a critical functional skill for all students. For children with learning disabilities but average intelligence, money not only gives them access to things they want to purchase, but it also builds a foundation for understanding the base ten systems of numeration. This will help with them learn decimals, percents, the metric system, and other skills that are vital for science, technology, and the social sciences. For students with intellectual disabilities and lower functionality, counting money is one of the skills they will need for self-determination and for the opportunity to live independently in the community. Like all skills, counting and using money needs to be scaffolded,  building on strengths and teaching the baby steps that will lead to independence. Coin Recognition Before students can count coins, they have to be able to correctly identify the most common denominations: pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters. For low-function students, this may be a long but worthwhile process. Do not use fake plastic coins for low-functioning students with intellectual or developmental disabilities. They need to generalize coin use to the real world, and the plastic coins do not feel, smell, or even look like the real thing. Depending on the students level, approaches include: Discrete trial training:  Present only two coins at a time. Ask and reinforce correct responses, i.e. Give me a penny, Give me a nickel, Give me a penny, etc.Use errorless teaching: Point to the correct coin if the student picks up the wrong coin or seems to waffle. Collect data and dont introduce a new coin until the child is at least 80 percent accuracy.Coin sorting: After the child has succeeded with discrete trial training, or if the child quickly seems to be distinguishing the coins, you can give them practice by sorting coins. Place a cup for each denomination, and place the mixed coins on the table in front of the child. If the child recognizes numbers, put the coin value on the outside of the cup, or place one of the coins in the cup.Matching coins: A variation of sorting coins is to match them to the values on a cardstock mat. You could add a picture if it helps. Counting Coins The goal is to help your students learn to count coins. Counting money requires understanding the base ten math system and strong skip counting skills. Activities with a hundred chart will help build these skills. The hundred chart can also be used to help teach counting money as well. Money should begin with a single denomination, ideally pennies. Counting pennies could easily accompany learning to count, as well as introducing the cents sign. Then, move on to nickels and dimes, followed by quarters. Number lines and hundred chart:  Make paper number lines to one hundred or hundred charts. When counting nickels, have the students highlight the fives and write the fives (if they are not on the number line). Give students nickels and have them place the nickels on the fives and recite out loud. Placing the coins and reciting out loud make this a multi-sensory unit. Do the same with counting dimes.Giant number line: This activity ramps up the multisensory element of money and skip counting. Paint a giant number line (or get parent volunteers) on a paved portion of the playground or school courtyard, with the numbers one foot apart. Have individual children walk the number line and count the nickels, or get giant nickels from a bulletin board set and have different students stand at different points to count off by fives.Coin templates: Create counting templates by cutting out facsimile coins and pasting them on five-inch by eight-inch file cards (or any size you find most manageab le). Write the value on the card (front for low-functioning children, on the back as a self-correcting activity). Give students nickels, dimes, or quarters and have them count them out. This is an especially useful technique for teaching quarters. You need only make one card with four quarters and the numbers 25, 50, 75, and 100. They can count multiple quarters in rows.

The Role and Functions of the European Medicines Agency Research Paper

The Role and Functions of the European Medicines Agency - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the agency is made up of a Secretariat (ca. 600 staff), a board of management, a total of 6 scientific committees (human, herbal and veterinary products, orphan drugs, pediatrics and advanced therapies) and a number of scientific working parties (European Medicines Agency. 13 September 2011). The organization is well structured into five units which are mutually related to each other in terms of operation and services. The EMA derives its resources from over forty National Competent Authorities and over 4500 experts from all over European Union countries(European Medicines Agency. 13 September 2011). Although the Community pharmaceutical legislation is based essentially on the Single Market provisions of the EU Treaty, the primary stakeholders obviously include patients and healthcare professionals who operate in quite different healthcare delivery systems (HMA Strategy Paper, 2007). While maintaining regular checks on the manufacturing of biotechnological products, the EMA agency provides for relevant advice to the pharmaceutical companies and caters for the public interest. The field of medicine is a very sensitive area since it embodies the life of an individual and animals as well. Therefore, there has been a need to provide a quality assessment in the medicinal field in order to ascertain safety, efficiency, and quality in the process of manufacturing pharmaceuticals(HMA Strategy Paper, 2007). These require detailed assessment by an external body (EMA) which acts as autonomous body capable of carrying out its activities without the influence or engagement of political entities. Medicines are meant to improve quality of life; any deviation to the expected standards of requirement has devastating effect on the human and animal health.

Urinary Disorders I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Urinary Disorders I - Essay Example with people of his age with hypertension, this condition is associated with hardening of walls of the arteries and arterioles in the kidney and failure in kidney functions, this is evident by the frequent headaches, swelling of the legs and feet, increase in weight due to edema, feeling tired, loss of blood through urine and many more other symptoms of nephrosclerosis (Izzo, 2008). Due to this condition, there is obstruction and destruction of arteries and arterioles in the kidney. The nephrone which filters the blood in the kidney is destroyed leading to nephritic syndrome, this result in a reduction of proteins such as albumin in the blood which in turn causes the accumulation of fluid in the legs and feet, this is the major cause of swelling legs and weight gain (Izzo, 2008). Since there has been destruction of the nephrone, a lot of nutrients and proteins are excreted in urine together with traces of blood, this requires a lot of water for excretion which in turn results in dilute urine. Blood is also lost in urine in people with this conditions thus they tend to develop anemia in the long run due to deficiency of blood, even albumin constituent in blood goes down. Metabolic acidosis is as a result of retention of the week acids which were to be excreted by the destroyed kidneys thus once they are retained they cause this condition. Treatment for this condition is by administration of antihypertensive drugs in an effort to reduce the pressure of blood reaching the kidneys; the other treatment is by undertaking a kidney transplant although it will not be as effective as the original (Izzo,

International Management - Global business Essay

International Management - Global business - Essay Example Multinational companies willing to expand their operation in overseas have to face quite few challenges like regulatory environment of the host country, culture and so forth. In general, the advent of the modern Multinational companies was largely because of the fast industrialization in the western society. The industrial revolution accelerated new technologies of production and distribution that necessitated larger operations than firms had managed before. Conversely, mass production technologies demanded a constant and dependable stream of input, and the pursuit for new economical long term sources of materials and supplies was the incentive that drove many companies in the foreign countries.1 In fact, firms choose to operate in different countries of the world for a good many reasons, as an example, to reap the benefit of economies of scale, cheap labor cost etc. We can see today that extensive number of companies like Coca Cola, Volvo etc. are operating in different parts of the globe. In this paper, the author attempts to shed light on the activities of the multinational companies in relation to various international production theories. Companies want to expand their business base aboard for mainly "efficiency seeking" and "strategic asset seeking" reasons. ... intended to capture the benefits of disparity in the availability and cost of traditional factor endowments in different countries of the world 2) the second sort is that which takes place in those countries which have largely comparable economic structures and income levels and is intended to reap the benefits of the economies of scale and scope, and of distinction in consumer tastes and supply capabilities. For instance, many U. S. companies transferring production to lower-cost Mexico and then exporting finished products back to the USA. An example of the second is American investment in European countries. Europe's stable move toward economic integration over the preceding years has given U. S. firms bigger opportunities and scope for attaining increased efficiencies and rationalization. Among all the purposes for foreign direct investment over the 1990s, strategic asset seeking was amongst the most significant. The aim of the strategic asset seeker is to increase company's prevailing portfolio of assets in such a way that strengthens the firm's existing competitive advantage. Examples of strategic asset seeking investment include Ford's acquisition of Volvo of Sweden and Jaguar of the United Kingdom, and Land Rover from BMW in early 2000, three acquisitions that helped boost the Ford's product niche in the luxury automobile market.2 Global business is now driven by in excess of 60,000 multinational enterprises (MNEs) with over 800,000 subsidiaries in foreign countries. The world's top 100 non-financial MNEs are the main drivers of global production. Their foreign assets amounted to $2 trillion in 2000, with over 6 million employees across the world. They focus mostly in electronics and electrical equipment, automobiles, petroleum, chemicals, and

Creation of an Online Prescence

Creation of an Online Prescence Scenario Assignment No 1 of 1- Sit 1 As an IT administrator for ACS (Awesome Clothing Store), you are responsible for the companys infrastructure including its online presence. The company has commissioned a new website in order to improve their revenue and reach a higher segment of customers. The developers have delivered the code and database for the website and you are now responsible for bringing it online as well as perform maintenance and adding any additional features that might be required in the future. The website has been developed in PHP and MySQL as well as other technologies such as HTML, CSS and JavaScript. Please refer to Appendix A for an explanation of the files that you will be given. You are required to prepare a preliminary report which includes your opinion, and diagrams with appropriate reasons. Following are the questions that you need to answer to achieve the criteria set. Task 1 Deploying an Application under a PHP Environment (P1.1, P1.2, M1, D1) The application must be deployed on the web. Explain what is required in terms of hosting services for your application to work correctly. Support your answer by mentioning a number of hosting services that you can choose, select the best one and justify your answer. Illustrate the difference between client-side scripting and server-side scripting supporting your answers with practical examples used in the application. P1.1 Explain the methods and techniques required to host a website. In your answer make reference to registering a domain name and the need to host the websites files online. Registering a domain in a jurisdiction is the first step   popular domain are after the .com are .tv (Tuvalu) .me Montenegro one of the most or the most popular domain registering broker is GoDaddy its vital to select the right domain name so youll ensure that site reaches more hits. 1.Planning and evaluating the best possible route. The site will consist of series of files, so we will need the capacity for files. We can either host them on a local web server or a cloud web server such as AWS. 2.We need to evaluate all the avail webhosting services and come up with the moist suitable 3Various companies such as godaddy offer domain checker, they can also provide an alternative domain after successfully finishing the registration procedure including WHOIS database assign, where the webmaster information us made public or set in private mode. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Once We have registered we can use the appropriate tools to upload the content. P1.2 Evaluate the different types of hosting offered by web host providers. Elaborate in detail on at least 2 hosting services and give examples of actual hosting companies offering these packages. For testing and development purposes, deploy the given application and database to a local server such as XAMPP. Currently on the market various webhosting solutions are available there is: Complimentary Hosting Shared Hosting Virtual Hosting Dedicated Hosting Collocated Hosting Complimentary Hosting Complimentary web hosting is ideal for small pages with low traffic, and not for corporate or business use. Such service include various adds and pop-ups and with limited or no support. The Good points in free hosting sen/ices are: Free Ideal for personal websites Ideal to learn on them The Bad points in free hosting services are: -Usually you cannot choose your own domain -Few, limited or no software options -Limited security options -Limited or no database support -Limited technical support -Lack of professionalism -Advertisements As we can see, there are a lot of cons in going to free hosting, however one has to see his need. Shared hosting is very cost effective. With shared hosting, your web site gets its own domain name, and is hosted on a powerful server along with other web sites. Shared solutions often offer multiple software solutions like e-mail, database, and different editing options. Normal technical support tends to be good. This is recommended for the small businesses. The Good points in virtual hosting services are: Low Cost. The cost is usually shared with others. Ideal for small business Multiple Software options You can have your own domain Normal support is quite good. Negative   points with virtual hosting services are: Limited security due to shared resources Limited traffic volume Limited support Dedicated hosting On dedicated hosting, web site is hosted on Its ideal for high demand traffic and sites. One should expect dedicated hosting to be high avail bile and more secure, with various platform solutions. M1 Explain how effective judgments have been made by suggesting which hosting package is most suitable for this scenario and elaborate in detail why a specific hosting package was chosen over another. Due to the limitation of of our solution For our online clothing website, We can opt to host our own resources, a solution that with we need to procure for resources, where can come result in isses from from ISP or owned   hardware. We can also opt shared hosting. Where it is more feasible option since it includes load balancer, uptime guarantee redundancy site, SLA and higher avability. For this option, we can partner with amazon AWS AWS offers a perfect solution for our goal because most of the backend administration is done automatically various geolocation data centres which translates in faster browsing speed, they offer some tools to write and store our website and they guarantee 99.9% uptime. 99.9% uptime means that we can afford 1 min 15secs downtime daily or 7 hours 33min 66 seconds yearly. Although that seems a lot, hen breakdown the expense, Its more than acceptable for an online fashion store . Of course, the nature of the business is online and the time it makes offline means loss of money, however, taking everything into consideration, we can say this package is the best we can use. Other packages such as GoDaddy or hosting our own server are too expensive for our purpose. GoDaddy, for instance, offers a 247 support to its dedicated hosting. They also 99.9% network uptime, the price will shoot up to â‚ ¬88 a month compared with the AWS which is just â‚ ¬47 a month. Show that conclusions have been arrived at through synthesis of ideas and have been justified by analysing: 1. How the hosting services will make your PHP application work correctly on the web. 2. Evaluate in detail the difference between client-side scripting and server-side scripting by giving practical examples from the application. XAMPP is the tool that is going to be used for our site. After we build the site design and make it available online we are required to create a hosting account, where we decided to make it with on AWS. Then with filezilla (ftp) we need to upload the content to our website. Web Tools such as Dreamweaver have a build in FTP, and one can upload the changes immediately. When upload is completed, one must preview the project for a UAT (user acceptance test). AWS has this functionality and one can find it by clicking web hosting, next to the hosting account that we want to use Server side Scenario The server-side scenario uses a scripting tool on a web server. A users request is triggred directly on a web server to create dynamic HTML files. These files are sent to the client browser. It is usually supplies interactive sites that integrates with databases or other data API. Clients scenario Client usually triggers scripts via browsers. This will be processes on the clients side. The source code is downloaded from the web server to the clients computer through the web browser Scripting language tools should be enabled to perform this operation. This might also create a security threat loophole, with various warning messages being displayed on clients browser. P1.3 Explain the legal requirements of hosting an online website. Once successfully uploaded there is a whole legal framework to be followed. 1.Company Information 2.Web Accessibility and the Disability Discrimination Act 3.The Data Protection Act 4.Consumer Protection (Distance Selling) Regulations 5.Electronic Commerce Regulations (EC Directive) 6.PCIDSS 7.The EU Anti-Spam Laws 8.The EU Cookie Directive 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Legal information such as trading licence vat, numbers etc.

Ethics and the Advancement of Military Technology Essay -- Philosophy

I. Introduction: Technology in the light of military weaponry has been one of the growingly controversial issues that the world faces today. Among the top weapon types that have advanced greatly over the past recent years are nuclear, chemical and biological weaponry. Though the United States government and military has been enthusiastically involved in the evolution of these weapons, their enthusiasm dwindles when responsibility must be taken for the consequences that result. Consequences that are left unresolved or postponed only bring about more doubts and questions that all branch off of one basic issue: Is it ethical to continue the advancement of nuclear, chemical and biological warfare when the results cannot be controlled? II. Basic History of Military Weapons: "Don't one of you fire until you see the whites of their eyes."- Colonel William Prescott, Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775 Military weaponry has developed over the ages branching from three main keys of destruction: nuclear, chemical, and biological attack. In order to understand the capabilities each hold in the present day, basic understanding is needed of how each was initially developed. Nuclear power was first introduced into the world of weaponry on July 16, 1945 in Alamogordo, New Mexico when the United States tested out their first nuclear bomb named ‘Trinity’.7 Following Trinity’s blazing entrance came the testing of similar bombs by the governments of the Soviet Union, England, France, China, and India.7 In order to compete with these mirrored foreign bombs, on November 1, 1952, the United States entered into the Thermonuclear Age, as they exploded ‘Mike’, their first thermonuclear bomb, in the Pa... ...u. 5 Dec 1990. 562 words. <http://www.washtimes.com/> 7. Nuclear Weapons: The High Energy Weapons Archive. 6 July 2002. EnviroLink. 26 Feb 2003 <http://nuketesting.enviroweb.org/hew/> Image Bibliography: P1: http://www.darwinmag.com/read/110101/weapon_content.html P2: http://www.darwinmag.com/read/110101/weapon_content.html P3: http://www.batguano.com/nuclear/trinity.jpg P4: http://www.batguano.com/nuclear/trmap2.gif P5: http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/4239/chemweapons/history.html P6: http://www.aofiles.net/main/Images/planes.jpg P7: http://bifido.net/html-data/micro/Anthrax%20(IBacillus%20anthracis-I).htm P8: http://www.immed.org/ P9: http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/aaav.htm P10: http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/aaav.htm P11: http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/aaav.htm